Date of publication: November 21,
2005
Source:
http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse_geninf.asp
Notification number:
B/DE/05/167
Member State:Germany
Date of Acknowledgement:06/09/2005
Title of the Project:
Study on the effect of elevated stomata density on water
balance and performance of transgenic potato in the
agro-environment
Proposed period of release From:01/04/2006
To:30/11/2009
Name of the Institute(s) or Company(ies):
Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology;
3. Is the same GMPt release planned elsewhere in the
Community?
No
4 - Has the same GMPt been notified elsewhere by the same
notifier?
No
Genetically
modified plant
1. Complete name of the
recipient or parental plant(s)
|
Common Name
|
Family Name
|
Genus |
Species
|
Subspecies
|
Cultivar/breeding line
|
| potato
|
solanaceae |
solanum |
solanum tuberosum |
tuberosum |
Désirée |
2. Description of the traits and characteristics which have
been introduced or modified, including marker genes and previous
modifications:
Plants transformed with the pStSDDhpi:
- Sequences from the subtilisin like serine protease SDD1 gene
of Solanum tuberosum in sense and antisense orientiation to the
35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus. Sense and antisense
sequences are separated by the pdk-intron from Flaveria
trinervia. When transcribed the sequence results in a dsRNA with
hairpin-intron structure leading to efficient silencing of the
endogenous SDD1 gene.
- Ocs terminator from Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- Nos promoter from Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- chimeric npt II (neomycin-phosphotransferase II) gene from
Escherichia coli (with 5’-sequence of the nos gene from
Agrobacterium tumefaciens)
- Nos teminator from Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- A PCR analysis revealed the existence of the aadA gene (which
is located outside the t-DNA) in the genome of three out of four
transformants indicating that the corresponding transgenic
plants may contain all parts of the vector pART27.
Genetic
modification
3. Type of genetic
modification:
Insertion;
4. In case of insertion of genetic material, give the source
and intended function of each constituent fragment of the region
to be inserted:
In the four transformation events selected for field trials,
the t-DNA of the pStSDDhpi construct was inserted into the
potato genome. The t-DNA contains a DNA-sequence, in which the
subtilisin like serine protease SDD1 gene from Solanum tuberosum
is in partial sense and partial antisense orientation to the
promoter of the 35S-RNA of the cauliflower mosaic virus,
terminated by the Ocs terminator from Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
The expression of this RNAi construct of the SDD1 gene increases
the number of stomata in the leaves of the plants. Under high
light conditions, these plants do not show stress symptoms (e.g.
leaf rolling), suggesting a higher tolerance to high light/high
temperature conditions. The transformed potato plants further
contain the npt II gene from Escherichia coli under the control
of the Nos promoter and terminator from Agrobacterium
tumesfaciens. The npt II gene was introduced as a selection
marker to facilitate the isolation of transgenic plants during
the transformation process. Plant cells expressing the npt II
gene show an increased resistance to the antibiotic kanamycin as
compared to plant cells without NPT II expression.
6. Brief description of the method used for the genetic
modification:
The binary vector pStSDDhpi was constructed based on the
pART27 vector. pStSDDhpi was used to transform Agrobacterium
tumefaciens strain C58C1 GV2260. Axenic leaf cuttings of Solanum
tuberosum cv. Desiree were incubated for minutes in a suspension
of the genetically modified agrobacteria. Afterwards, these leaf
cuttings were incubated on a shoot induction medium containing
the antibiotic kanamycin to select for transformed cells and the
antibiotic cefotaxim or tricarcellin to destroy the
agrobacteria. Regenerating shoots were transferred to a medium
containing cefotaxim or tricarcellin and cultivated for at least
two passages under these conditions.
7. If the recipient or parental plant is a forest tree
species, describe ways and extent of dissemination and specific
factors affecting dissemination:
not applicable
Experimental
Release
1. Purpose of the release:
Under greenhouse conditions, the potato plants that were
transformed with the RNAi-construct of the SDD1 gene showed
increased stomata densities compared to the untransformed parent
plant. pStSDDhpi plants showed reduced stress symptoms under
high light treatment. The experimental release will provide data
how the stomata density correlates to the performance of potato
plants in an agro-environment, where the plants are subjected to
the natural diurnal and seasonal changes of environmental
features, especially climatic parameters. Special focus is given
to the investigation of the water balance of the plants under
different regimes of irrigation. Thus, we will gain insight into
the role of stomata density for the performance of plants under
natural environmental conditions
2. Geographical location of the site:
14476 Potsdam-OT Golm, Flur 1, Flurstück-Nr. 955, Potsdam,
Brandenburg, Germany, Europe.
3. Size of the site (m2):
A maximum number of 1600 GM plants are planted in a 500 m²
release site on a test site of presently 77000 m2.
4. Relevant data regarding previous releases carried out with
the same GM-plant, if any, specifically related to the potential
environmental and human health impacts from the release:
The GM plant has not been released before.
Environmental
Impact and Risk Management
Summary of the potential
environmental impact from the release of the GMPts:
In Germany, potato plants have a very low dispersal range and
do not survive outside agronomic environments. Potato does not
hybridise with any species growing wild in Germany. The low
survival rate in natural environments is mainly due to the very
low frost resistance of any part of the plant except seeds.
Frost resistance as a major limiting trait for the survival of
potato depends on several genes which to our present knowledge
lack in the genome of the cultivated Solanum tuberosum. The
alteration of the activity of a single potato enzyme in the
transgenic plants is unlikely to increase the frost resistance.
Brief description of any measures taken for the management of
risks:
Potato has a very low dispersal capacity and does not
hybridise with any species growing wild in Germany. Thus, GM
potato can be isolated in the release site (= the area that is
planted with the GM potato) by keeping a minimum distance of 20
m between the GM potato and any potato cultivation that is not
monitored as stated below. This requirement is met by placing
the release site accordingly on the test site. The release site
is monitored for volunteers during the growth season of the year
following the release. Any potato volunteer on the release site
is destroyed. The post-harvest survey is repeated until the
number of potato volunteers in the respective release site is
zero for one year.
Summary of foreseen field trial studies focused to gain new
data on environmental and human health impact from the release:
not applicable
Final report
European
Commission administrative information
Consent given by the Competent
Authority: Not Known |
